Validación del uso de MBlock en el aprendizaje de robótica en contextos educativos vulnerables a través de niveles de madurez tecnológica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71112/xcxp6j47Palabras clave:
pedagogía, didáctica, innovación, robótica, madurez tecnológicaResumen
En respuesta a la necesidad de fortalecer competencias tecnológicas en contextos educativos vulnerables, esta investigación aplicó la metodología STEAM integrada con la herramienta MBlock para potenciar la capacidad de absorción de conocimiento en estudiantes técnicos. El propósito fue validar su efectividad en el aprendizaje de programación y robótica a través de un enfoque por etapas: identificación, asimilación, transformación y explotación. Se utilizó una metodología mixta, combinando talleres prácticos, encuestas de percepción y análisis del rendimiento académico. Los resultados evidenciaron una mejora significativa en el desempeño estudiantil, de 6.8 a 9.1, así como altos niveles de satisfacción y compromiso. La discusión confirma que la integración de STEAM y MBlock impulsa el pensamiento crítico, la creatividad y el trabajo colaborativo, contribuyendo a una educación más equitativa e inclusiva. Se concluye que esta propuesta es efectiva y replicable para ampliar el acceso a la educación tecnológica en realidades con recursos limitados.
Descargas
Referencias
Abidin, Z., Arifudin, R., Hardyanto, W., Akhlis, I., Umer, R., & Kurniawan, N. (2021). Low-cost educational robotics for promoting STEM education. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1918(4), 042018. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1918/4/042018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1918/4/042018
Anh, N., Hoa, L., Thao, L. P., Nhi, D. A., Long, N. T., Truc, N., & Ngoc-Xuan, V. (2024). The Effect of Technology Readiness on Adopting Artificial Intelligence in Accounting and Auditing in Vietnam. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 17(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.3390/JRFM17010027 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17010027
Chau, K., Law, K. Y., & Tang, Y. (2021). Impact of Self-Directed Learning and Educational Technology Readiness on Synchronous E-Learning. Journal of Organizational and End User Computing, 33(6), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.4018/JOEUC.20211101.OA26 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/JOEUC.20211101.oa26
Cobos, M., Quezada, V., Morloy, L., Alvarez, P., & Gonzalez, S. (2021). A Model Based on the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) Scale to Measure the MaturityL of Research Projects that can Become Spinoffs in Higher Education Institutions. 7th Congreso Internacional de Innovación y Tendencias en Ingeniería, CONIITI. https://doi.org/10.1109/CONIITI53815.2021.9619667 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/CONIITI53815.2021.9619667
Crnokić, B., Topić, P., Divković, M., & Prgić, E. (2023). Overview of Tools for Programming and Virtual Simulation of Robots Within the STEM Teaching Process. Communications in Computer and Information Science, 1827 CCIS, 18–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36833-2_2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36833-2_2
Fernández, G., Obdulia, M., González, F., Alejandra, Y., & López, M. (2021). Panorama de la Robótica Educativa a Favor del Aprendizaje STEAM. Revista Eureka Sobre Enseñanza y Divulgación de las Ciencias, 18(2), 2301, https://doi.org/10.25267/Rev_Eureka_ensen_divulg_cienc.2021.v18.i2.2301 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25267/Rev_Eureka_ensen_divulg_cienc.2021.v18.i2.2301
Ferrada, C., & Trujillo, F. (2024). Impulsando el Aprendizaje STEAM en las Escuelas Rurales de Chiloé. Propuesta de actividades para el desarrollo de competencias STEAM. Revista Universidad y Territorio, 1(1), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.35588/RUTVOL1N1.03 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35588/rutvol1n1.03
Fonseca, D., García-Holgado, A., García-Peñalvo, F., Jurado, E., Olivella, R., Amo, D., Maffeo, G., Yigit, Ö., Keskin, Y., Sevinç, G., Quass, K., Hofmann, C. (2021). Hacia la Mejora de Brechas en Diversidad Mediante la Recopilación de Proyectos, Buenas Prácticas y Espacios STEAM. Zaragoza: Servicio de Publicaciones, 38–43. https://doi.org/10.26754/CINAIC.2021.0007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26754/CINAIC.2021.0007
Gaskell, P., Pavlasek, J., Gao, T., Narula, A., Lewis, S., & Jenkins, O. (2024). MBot: A Modular Ecosystem for Scalable Robotics Education. Proceedings: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 18294–18300. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA57147.2024.10610587 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA57147.2024.10610587
Gavrilas, L., Kotsis, K., & Papanikolaou, M. (2024). Assessing Teacher Readiness for Educational Robotics Integration in Primary and Preschool Education. Education 3-13, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2023.2300699 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2023.2300699
Guaña-Moya, J. (2023). El Papel de la Tecnología en la Transformación de la Educación y el Aprendizaje Personalizado. Revista Científica FIPCAEC, 8(2), 391–403. https://www.fipcaec.com/index.php/fipcaec/article/view/830
Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M., & Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the Role of Digital Technologies in Education: A Review. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3, 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SUSOC.2022.05.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004
Hernández-Ramos, J., Pernaa, J., Cáceres-Jensen, L., & Rodríguez-Becerra, J. (2021). The Effects of Using Socio-scientific Issues and Technology in Problem-based Learning: A Systematic Review. Education Sciences, 11(10), 640. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11100640 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11100640
Jimenez-Gaona, R., & Maldonado-Gonzalez, M. (2022). STEAM Skills Developed in Basic General Education Through the Creation of the Digital Robot Through the mBlock Platform. Proceedings: 3rd International Conference on Information Systems and Software Technologies, 152–157. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICI2ST57350.2022.00029 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICI2ST57350.2022.00029
Khatri, B., Saxena, C., & Gawshinde, S. (2025). Moderating Role of Technology Readiness of Individuals to Embrace Telemedicine, International Conference on Ambient Intelligence in Health Care, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAIHC64101.2025.10957001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAIHC64101.2025.10957001
Kohli, J., Raj, R., Rawat, N., & Gupta, A. (2024). Development and Validation of Teachers’ e-Readiness Scale: A Study on Higher Education Institutions in India. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 17(2), 545–562. https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-11-2023-0517 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-11-2023-0517
Leon-Roa, C., Zuñiga-Collazos, A., Villada Castillo, H., Portela-Guarin, H., Gambo-Franco, C., Rúa-Gómez, D., & Gaviria-Acosta, E. (2024). Valorization of Research Results for Knowledge and Technology Transfer in Public Higher Education Institutions. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(1), 100245. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JOITMC.2024.100245 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100245
Litardo, J., Wong, C., & Suárez, E. (2023). La Formación de los Docentes para la Enseñanza de la Industria 4.0 en la Educación Superior. RECIAMUC, 7(2), 180–194. https://doi.org/10.26820/RECIAMUC/7.(2).ABRIL.2023.180-194 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26820/reciamuc/7.(2).abril.2023.180-194
Maryani, I., Latifah, S., Fatmawati, L., Erviana, V., & Mahmudah, F. N. (2023). Technology Readiness and Learning Outcomes of Elementary School Students during Online Learning in the New Normal Era. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 13(2), 45–49. https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.13.02.06 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.13.02.06
Noordin, N., Hau, M., & Mohamad, I. (2022). UMP STEM Bot as Educational Kit for Robotics and Computer Programming. IET Conference Proceedings, 2022(10), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1049/ICP.2022.2256 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2022.2256
Obermüller, F., Pernerstorfer, R., Bailey, L., Heuer, U., & Fraser, G. (2022). Common Patterns in Block-Based Robot Programs. ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1145/3556787.3556859 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3556787.3556859
Olechowski, A., Eppinger, S., Joglekar, N., & Tomaschek, K. (2020). Technology Readiness Levels: Shortcomings and Improvement Opportunities. Systems Engineering, 23(4), 395–408. https://doi.org/10.1002/SYS.21533 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/sys.21533
Ouyang, F., & Xu, W. (2024). The Effects of Educational Robotics in STEM Education: A Multilevel Meta-analysis. International Journal of STEM Education, 11(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-024-00469-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-024-00469-4
Pérez-Torres, M., Couso-Lagarón, D., & Marquez-Bargalló, C. (2023). Evaluation of STEAM Project-Based Learning (STEAM PBL) Instructional Designs from the STEM Practices Perspective. Education Sciences, 14(1), 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/EDUCSCI14010053 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14010053
Rahmat, T., Raza, S., Zahid, H., Abbas, J., Mohd-Sobri, F., & Sidiki, S. (2022). Nexus Between Integrating Technology Readiness 2.0 Index and Students’ E-library Services Adoption Amid the COVID-19 Challenges: Implications Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.4103/JEHP.JEHP_508_21 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_508_21
Rodríguez, M., Rubio, A., Lingán, A., Rubio, D., Bocanegra, J., & Flores, J. (2023). Inteligencia Artificial en la Educación Digital y los Resultados de la Valoración del Aprendizaje. Buenos Aires: Mar Caribe. https://doi.org/10.31219/OSF.IO/C3PMD DOI: https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/c3pmd
Salvador-Carulla, L., Woods, C., de Miquel, C., & Lukersmith, S. (2024). Adaptation of the Technology Readiness Levels for Impact Assessment in Implementation Sciences: The TRL-IS Checklist. Heliyon, 10(9), 29930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29930 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29930
Sapounidis, T., Tselegkaridis, S., & Stamovlasis, D. (2024). Educational Robotics and STEM in Primary Education: A Review and a Meta-analysis. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 56(4), 462–476. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2022.2160394 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2022.2160394
Sobrinho, J. (2025). Ethnoknowledge and Field Class Activities in Landscape Understanding. Journal of Education and Learning, 14(1), 194–202. https://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v14n1p194 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v14n1p194
Yfanti, S., & Sakkas, N. (2024). Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) in the Era of Co-Creation. Applied System Innovation, 7(2), 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/ASI7020032 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/asi7020032
Zhai, X., Chu, X., Wang, M., Tsai, C., Liang, J., & Spector, J. (2024). A Systematic Review of Stimulated Recall (SR) in Educational Research from 2012 to 2022. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-02987-6
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Multidisciplinar Epistemología de las Ciencias

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.